Novel Approaches to Treatment of Advanced Melanoma: A Review on Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy

摘要: The incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing. majority patients are diagnosed in early stages when the disease highly curable. However, more advanced or metastatic cases have always been a challenge for clinicians. poor prognosis with now changing as numerous promising approaches appeared recently. discovery aberrations pathways responsible intracellular signal transduction allowed us to introduce agents specifically targeting mutated cascades. Numerous clinical studies conducted improve effectiveness treatment. From 2011 until now, U.S. FDA has approved seven novel agents, such BRAF-inhibitors (vemurafenib 2011, dabrafenib 2013), MEK-inhibitors (trametinib anti-PD1 antibodies (nivolumab 2014, pembrolizumab 2014), anti-CTLA-4 antibody (ipilimumab 2011), peginterferon-alfa-2b (2011) intended be used most melanoma. Nevertheless, clinicians continue working on new possible methods treatment resistance drugs commonly observed problem. This paper based latest data published end January 2015.