Photogrammetry for early recognition of high mountain hazards: New techniques and applications

摘要: Abstract Steady mass shift as well catastrophic massmovement events are the natural expression of dynamics high-mountain mass-transport systems, causing a variety hazards. Computer-aided aerial photogrammetry, especially newly developed technique for determining surface velocity fields in 3D, offers wide range possibilities to map disasters and hazard potentials, monitor medium- long-term development dangerous situations provide area-wide boundary conditions 2D- 3D-modelling kinetic dynamic processes. Three pilot studies Swiss Alps illustrate potential highprecision multi-temporal image analysis early recognition glacial periglacial hazards: (1) The increasing risk lake-outbursts related debris-flows (up several 105m3) was detected by 25-year monitoring series glacier geometry, ice flow, permafrost creep changes glacier-lakes. (2) Analyzing above starting zone debris flows allowed assessing transport accumulation rates this zone. (3) processes extent rock slide (∼ 106–107m3), induced marked retreat tongue stress-relief at valley flanks could be determined.