作者: Sandia Iskandar , James Vacek , Madhav Lavu , Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
DOI: 10.1016/J.CCL.2015.12.009
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摘要: Abstract Left atrial appendage closure can be performed either surgically or percutaneously. Surgical approaches include direct suture, excision and stapling, clipping. Percutaneous endocardial, epicardial, hybrid endocardial-epicardial techniques. anatomy is highly variable complex; therefore, preprocedural imaging crucial to determine device selection sizing, which contribute procedural success reduction of complications. Currently, the WATCHMAN only that approved for left in United States.