Pancreatic stellate cell: Pandora's box for pancreatic disease biology.

摘要: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) were identified in the early 1980s, but received much attention after 1998 when methods to isolate and culture them from murine human sources developed. PSCs contribute a small proportion of all pancreatic under physiological condition, are essential for maintaining normal architecture. Quiescent characterized by presence vitamin A laden lipid droplets. Upon PSC activation, these perinuclear droplets disappear cytosol, attain myofibroblast like phenotype expresses activation marker, alpha smooth muscle actin. maintain their activated via an autocrine loop involving different cytokines progressive fibrosis chronic pancreatitis (CP) ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Several pathways (e.g., JAK-STAT, Smad, Wnt signaling, Hedgehog etc.), transcription factors miRNAs have been implicated inflammatory profibrogenic function PSCs. The role goes beyond fibrosis/desmoplasia PDAC. It is now shown that involved significant crosstalk between cancer stroma. These interactions result tumour progression, metastasis, hypoxia, immune evasion drug resistance. This rationale therapeutic preclinical clinical trials targeted