HIV-Infected Patients Developing Tuberculosis Disease Show Early Changes in the Immune Response to Novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens.

摘要: Abstract Background In individuals living with HIV infection the development of tuberculosis (TB) is associated rapid progression from asymptomatic TB to active disease. Sputum-based diagnostic tests for have low sensitivity in minimal and subclinical precluding early diagnosis. The immune response novel Mycobacterium in-vivo expressed latency antigens may help measure stages disease thereby improve diagnosis Methods Serial prospectively sampled cryopreserved lymphocytes patients Swiss Cohort Study developing (“cases”) matched no (“controls”) were stimulated 10 antigens. Cytokine concentrations measured cases controls at four time points prior TB: T1-T4 T4 being closest point Results 50 samples nine included. Median CD4 cell count was 289/ul TB-group 456/ul control group. Viral loads suppressed both groups. At Rv2431c-induced Rv3614/15c-induced interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10 responses Rv2031c-induced Rv2346/Rv2347c-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α significantly higher compared (p 0.92 all antigen-cytokine pairs. Conclusion vitro tuberculosis-specific HIV-infected that progress towards different those do not TB. These differences precede clinical up two years, paving way based diagnostics predict an stage.