Ice-forming nuclei in transvaal, Republic of South Africa

摘要: Abstract Concentrations of ice-forming nuclei (IFN) active by sorption and condensation-followed-by-freezing were assessed during February March, 1986 in Transvaal, Republic South Africa. found to be very low; at Sw just below 0% 2%, IFN concentrations 10 m−3 a temperature −15°C present on 44 28% the days, respectively. Number rates activation through larger than those sorption. usually nucleated ice higher temperatures The number concentration was independent water vapor supersaturation over liquid range between 0 6% from −12° −22°C. Evaporation condensation did not deactivate them.