Immune Functional Assays, From Custom to Standardized Tests for Precision Medicine.

摘要: The immune response is a dynamic system that maintains the integrity of body, and more specifically fight against infections. However, an unbalanced host highlighted in many diseases. Exacerbated responses lead to autoimmune allergic diseases, whereas, low or inefficient favor opportunistic infections viral reactivations. Conflicting situations may also occur, such as sepsis where inflammation compensatory immunosuppression make it difficult deploy appropriate drug treatment. Until current day, assessing profile patients remains challenge. This especially due inter-individual variability-a key feature system-which hinders precise diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic stratification. Our incapacity practically interpret contribute high morbidity mortality, annual 6 million worldwide deaths alone. Therefore, there increasing demand assess patient function routine clinical practice, currently met by Immune Functional Assays. Assays (IFA) hold plethora potentials include diagnosis infections, well prediction secondary latent Current available products are devoted indirect pathogen detection Mycobacteria tuberculosis interferon gamma release assays (IGRA). In addition, identifying status underlying factors dysfunction (e.g., septic patients) guide targeted therapies. Tools monitor stratify being studied but they still have limitations technical standardization, biomarkers relevance, systematic interpretation need be simplified, order set boundaries "healthy," "ill," "critically ill" responses. Thus, design new tools give comprehensive insight into functionality, at bedside, timely manner represents leap toward immunoprofiling patients.