Future Trends in District Heating Development

摘要: This article describes challenges that should be overcome towards implementation of low-temperature district heating (LTDH). The trends in development, operational issues, and legislative framework were revised. new substation design with solutions to avoid legionella bacteria issue, improved network topology control strategies, opportunities LTDH for buildings under various renovation stages construction year identified as the most crucial transition 4th generation (DH). Importance heat load aggregation peak issue areas low-energy (LEB) from high temperature low temperatures DH have been shown. findings indicate there is a huge potential achieving low-carbon society improvement energy efficiency LTDH. high-temperature exist; however, they need good policies market availability implemented.