Norovirus Infections and Disease in Lower-Middle- and Low-Income Countries, 1997–2018

摘要: Noroviruses are a major cause of viral gastroenteritis. The burden the norovirus in low-resource settings is not well-established due to limited data. This study reviews prevalence, epidemiology, and genotype diversity lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) low-income (LIC). PubMed was searched up 14 January 2019 for studies from all LIC LMIC (World Bank Classification). Studies that tested gastroenteritis cases and/or asymptomatic controls by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included. Sixty-four studies, majority on children <5 years age, identified, 14% (95% confidence interval; CI 14–15, 5158/36,288) patients 8% 7–9, 423/5310) healthy positive norovirus. In LMIC, detected 15% 15–16) 8–10) controls. LIC, 11% 10–12) symptomatic 9% positive. Norovirus genogroup II predominated overall. GII.4 predominant settings, followed GII.3 GII.6. most prevalent GI strain GI.3. causes significant amount countries, albeit with high levels infection prevalence coinfections.