Progress towards the 'Golden Age' of biotechnology.

摘要: Biotechnology uses substances, materials or extracts derived from living cells, employing 22 million Europeans in a €1.5Tn endeavour, being the premier global economic growth opportunity this century. Significant advances have been made red biotechnology using pharmaceutically and medically relevant applications, green developing agricultural environmental tools white serving industrial scale uses, frequently as process feedstocks. Red has delivered dramatic improvements controlling human disease, antibiotics to overcome bacterial infections anti-HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals such azidothymidine (AZT), anti-malarial compounds novel vaccines saving millions of lives. Green dramatically increased food production through Agrobacterium biolistic genetic modifications for development ‘Golden Rice’, pathogen resistant crops expressing crystal toxin genes, drought resistance cold tolerance extend range. The burgeoning area bio-plastics, low temperature enzyme detergents host feedstock processes modified starches, without which our everyday lives would be much more complex. Biotechnological applications can bridge these categories, by modifying energy properties, analysing circulating nucleic acid elements, bringing benefits all, production, supporting climate change adaptation carbon economy, diagnostics impacting on personalized medicine disease. Cross-cutting technologies PCR, sequencing tools, bioinformatics, transcriptomics epigenetics are vanguard biotechnological progress leading an ever-increasing breadth applications. will deliver solutions unimagined problems, providing security, health well-being mankind centuries come.