Formation of halogenated disinfection by-products during microfiltration and reverse osmosis treatment: Implications for water recycling

摘要: Abstract A suite of 34 disinfection by-products (DBPs), including eight halomethanes, nine haloacetic acids, six haloacetonitriles, haloaldehydes, four haloketones and the halonitromethane chloropicrin, were monitored in two microfiltration (MF) reverse osmosis (RO) treatment plants as part a larger study chemical removal by MF/RO for water recycling purposes. Both DBP detection frequency concentration increased during treatment, this was attributed to chloramination step used minimize RO membrane fouling. The degree formation particularly related plant residence time, with DBPs falling into distinct groups; first group which increasing time (e.g. chloroform bromochloroacetaldehyde) second did not affect dichloroacetic acid 1,1-dichloropropanone). These results indicate that design wastewater quality are both important factors minimizing within treatment. rejection influenced several chemical-specific properties, pKa, log Kow class. Rejection present charged molecules, consistently better than 90% alter log Kow. For all other DBPs, neutral much more variable, decreased decreasing log Kow, although effect MW on could be separated. described lead variable estimations thus it is recommended indicators efficiency caution, only after has been studied.