A double blind study of the effects of smoking on heart rate: is there tachyphylaxis?

摘要: Rationale: Smoking following overnight abstention reliably increases heart rate (HR), an effect due to nicotine absorption. The of subsequent cigarettes on HR is less than that associated with the first cigarette day, indication tachyphylaxis (acute tolerance). To date, smoking/HR studies have not been conducted double-blind. Instead, control conditions included non-smoking or some type “sham” smoking (puffing unlit a straw). Objective: We investigated response and its time course using double-blind methodology. Methods: was recorded in overnight-abstaining participants before after first, second third day (40 min between each cigarette) two sessions. experimental manipulation involved replacing one session very low nicotine-yield (0.05 mg; FTC method) compared other five (1.1-mg yield). Results: increased by 15, 8 7 beats/min (bpm) where all three had higher yield. comparable values for which lower yield were -1 11 bpm. Conclusions: In yield, larger increase indicates tachyphylaxis. smaller cigarette, indicating period greater 80 would be needed fully restored.