Epigenetics and MicroRNAs in Pharmacogenetics.

摘要: Germline pharmacogenetics has so far mainly studied common variants in "pharmacogenes," i.e., genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMET genes), certain auxiliary regulatory genes, target genes. Despite remarkable progress understanding genetically determined differences pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics of drugs, currently known even important pharmacogenes explain genetic variability only partially. This suggests "missing heritability" that may part be due to rare the classical pharmacogenes, but current evidence largely unexplored resources with potential for exist, both within already entirely new areas. In particular, recent studies suggest epigenetic processes noncoding RNAs, including mostly microRNAs (miRNAs), represent layers DMET gene regulation fill some gaps interindividual lead biomarkers. this chapter we summarize advances miRNA-mediated focus on their significance pharmacokinetic or pharmacological endpoints.