A European carotenoid database to assess carotenoid intakes and its use in a five-country comparative study.

摘要: A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and carotenoid database with information on α- β-carotene, lutein, lycopene β-cryptoxanthin was prepared used to compare the intakes in five European countries: UK, Republic of Ireland, Spain, France The Netherlands. Eighty, age- (25-45 years) sex-matched volunteers were recruited each countries. FFQ most commonly consumed rich foods participating countries calculate intake carotenoid-rich foods. median total based sum carotenoids, significantly higher (P < 0.05) (16.1 mg/day) lower Spain (9.5 mg/day), than other countries, where average approximately 14 mg/day. Comparison dietary source carotenoids showed that carrots major β-carotene all except spinach important. Likewise, also main α-carotene. Tomato or tomato products, lycopene. Lutein mainly obtained from peas Ireland however, found be In primarily citrus fruit. Comparing data specific country studies suggests described present paper can for comparative within Europe. results show Europe there are differences some which related different by people Chemicals/CAS: Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antioxidants; beta Carotene, 7235-40-7; Carotenoids, 36-88-4; cryptoxanthin, 472-70-8; Lutein, 127-40-2; lycopene, 502-65-8; Xanthophylls