Investigation of rising-sun magnetrons operated at relativistic voltages using three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation

摘要: This work is an attempt to elucidate effects that may limit efficiency in magnetrons operated at relativistic voltages (V {approximately} 500 kV). Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation used investigate the behavior of 14 and 22 cavity, cylindrical, rising-sun magnetrons. Power extracted radially through a single iris located end every other cavity. Numerical results show general output power increase approximately linearly with increasing width (decreasing vacuum Q) until total Q becomes too low for stable oscillation n-mode be maintained. Beyond this point mode competition and/or switching occur decreases. Results reveal minimum value (maximum efficiency) can achieved prior onset significantly affected by magnitude 0-space-harmonic {pi}-mode, unique characteristic rising-suns, electron current density (space-charge effects). By minimizing these effects, up 3.7 GW has been produced 40%.