Phylogenetics and Differentiation of Salmonella Newport Lineages by Whole Genome Sequencing

摘要: Salmonella Newport has ranked in the top three serotypes associated with foodborne outbreaks from 1995 to 2011 United States. In current study, we selected 26 S. strains isolated diverse sources and geographic locations then conducted 454 shotgun pyrosequencing procedures obtain 16–24 × coverage of high quality draft genomes for each strain. Comparative genomic analysis 28 (including 2 reference genomes) 15 outgroup identified more than 140,000 informative SNPs. A resulting phylogenetic tree consisted four sublineages indicated that had a clear structure. Strains Asia were divergent those Americas. Our findings demonstrated using whole genome sequencing data resulted accurate picture phylogeny compared single genes or small sets genes. We loci around mutS gene differentiate distinct lineages, including between invH at 3′ end Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1), ste fimbrial operon, Clustered, Regularly Interspaced, Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) associated-proteins (cas). These held similarity either Lineage II III same loci. Lineages have different evolutionary histories this region our genetic flow homologous recombination events mutS. The suggested diverged early serotype evolution evolved largely independently. Moreover, could delineate within be used as potential biomarkers trace-back investigations during outbreaks. Thus, enabled us better understand background pathogenicity history also provided additional markers epidemiological response.