Planet-planet scattering in planetesimal disks II: Predictions for outer extrasolar planetary systems

摘要: We develop an idealized dynamical model to predict the typical properties of outer extrasolar planetary systems, at radii comparable Jupiter-to-Neptune region solar system. The is based upon hypothesis that evolution in systems controlled by a combination planet-planet scattering and interactions with exterior disk small bodies ('planetesimals'). Our results are on 5000 long duration N-body simulations follow three planets from few 10 AU, together planetesimal containing 50 M{sub +} 20 AU. For large planet masses (M {approx}> Sat}), recovers observed eccentricity distribution planets. lower-mass planets, range outcomes models disks far greater than which seen isolated scattering. Common include strong among massive sudden jumps due resonance crossings driven divergent migration, re-circularization scattered low-mass disk. present distributions inclination result, discuss how they vary mass initial system architecture. In agreement other studies, we find themore » currently (derived primarily {approx}< 3 AU) consistent explain dependence-which opposite sense predicted simplest models-as consequence correlations between same At somewhat larger radii, effects can yield similar modest changes distribution. Nonetheless, damping for appears be secure signature influence disks. Radial velocity measurements capable detecting K {approx} 5 m s{sup -1} periods excess years will provide constraints this regime. Finally, analysis separation two-planet population mean-motion resonances (MMRs). show that, if there Jupiter-mass avoid close encounters, acts as mechanism populates MMRs very high rate (50%-80%). many cases, resonant chains (in particular 4:2:1 Laplace resonance) set up all expect such common systems.« less