Demographic, psychosocial, and genetic risk associated with smokeless tobacco use among Mexican heritage youth

摘要: Despite well-established negative health consequences of smokeless tobacco use (STU), the number and variety alternative non-combustible products on market have increased tremendously over last 10 years, as has share these relative to cigarettes. While STU among non-Hispanic white youth decreased 10 years, prevalence remained constant Hispanic youth. Here we examine demographic, psychosocial, genetic risk associated with Mexican heritage Participants (50.5 % girls) reported psychosocial factors in 2008–09 (n = 1,087, mean age = 14.3 years), 2010–11 (mean age = 16.7 years). provided a saliva sample that was genotyped for genes dopamine, serotonin opioid pathways. Overall 62 (5.7 %) participants lifetime STU. We identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms use. Specifically, rs2023902 SERGEF (OR = 1.93; 95 % CI: 1.05-3.53), rs16941667 ALDH2 (OR = 3.14; 1.65-5.94), rs17721739 TPH1 (OR = 1.71; 1.00-2.91) dopamine pathway, rs514912 TRH-DE (OR = 1.84; 1.25-2.71) rs42451417 transporter gene, SLC6A4 (OR = 3.53; 1.56-7.97). After controlling risk, being male (OR = 1.86; 1.02-3.41), obesity status (OR = 2.22; 1.21-4.09), both higher levels anxiety (OR = 1.04; 1.01-1.08) social disinhibition (OR = 1.26; 1.07-1.48) were High subjective (OR = 0.78; 0.64-0.93) protective against use, while parental education (OR = 2.01; 1.03-3.93) These data suggest along behavioral may increase our ability identify at STU, which turn improve effectively target prevention messages