Vulnerability of the neuronal cytoskeleton in aging and Alzheimer disease: widespread involvement of all three major filament systems.

摘要: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia in elderly (for recent reviews, see Chiu, 1989; Henderson & Finch, Katzman et al., 1988). As a consequence increasing number people living beyond seventh decade, AD has become fourth leading death United States. Despite recognition and brain pathology associated with it more than 80 years ago (Alzheimer, 1907), pathogenesis etiology remain enigmatic. Several reasons account for this such as (1) complexity limited understanding central nervous system (CNS); (2) an incomplete definition variants thereof; (3) lack animal models hypothesis testing; (4) overlap between early normal aging well other neurodegenerative diseases. For example, patients idiopathic Parkinson (PD) frequently develop cognitive impairments, often exhibit extrapyramidal signs, diminished olfaction observed PD subjects (Chiu, Doty 1987, 1989).