Application of genomic technologies to the breeding of trees

摘要: The recent introduction of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies represents a major revolution in providing new tools for identifying the genes and/or genomic intervals controlling important traits selection breeding programs. In perennial fruit trees with long generation times and large sizes adult plants, impact these techniques is even more important. High-throughput DNA sequencing have provided complete annotated sequences many tree species. Most high-throughput genotyping platforms described are being used studies genetic diversity population structure. Dissection complex became possible through availability genome along phenotypic variation data, which allow to elucidate causative differences that give rise observed variation. Association mapping facilitates association between markers phenotype unstructured populations, molecular assisted breeding. Also, data provide silico identification characterization gene families related traits, enabling marker Deep transcriptomes also powerful tool analysis precise expression levels each sample. It consists quantifying short cDNA reads, obtained by NGS technologies, order compare entire genotypes environmental conditions. miRNAs non-coding RNAs involved regulation different physiological processes, can be identified RNA libraries reverse transcription purified RNAs, comparison known from other All together, their applications increased resources plant species, closing former gap annual