The Potential of Industrial Symbiosis: Case Analysis and Main Drivers and Barriers to Its Implementation

摘要: Industrial symbiosis, which is characterised mainly by the reuse of waste from one company as raw material another, has been applied worldwide with recognised environmental, economic, and social benefits. However, potential for industrial symbiosis not exhausted in existing cases, there still a wide range opportunities its application. Through comprehensive literature review, this article aims to compile analyse studies that focus on real contexts, highlight margin optimisation being used. The cases reported publications identified here were analysed according geographic location, type economic activity, waste/by-products, main benefits, methods employed studies. From analysis, we conclude great applications involving throughout world, especially Europe, corresponding 53% total analysed. Manufacturing stood out sector highest establishing relationships, most common types streams networks organic, plastic rubber, wood, metallic materials. This also discusses drivers barriers realising symbiosis. diversity industries, geographical proximity, facilitating entities legislation, plans, policies are shown be drivers.