The Diet as a Cause of Human Prostate Cancer

摘要: Asymptomatic prostate inflammation and cancer have reached epidemic proportions among men in the developed world. Animal model studies implicate dietary carcinogens, such as heterocyclic amines from over-cooked meats sex steroid hormones, particularly estrogens, candidate etiologies for cancer. Each acts by causing epithelial cell damage, triggering an inflammatory response that can evolve into a chronic or recurrent condition. This milieu appears to spawn proliferative atrophy (PIA) lesions, type of focal represents earliest precursor lesions. Rare PIA lesions contain cells which exhibit high c-Myc expression, shortened telomere segments, epigenetic silencing genes GSTP1, encoding π-class glutathione S-transferase, all characteristic prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) Subsequent genetic changes, gene translocations/deletions generate fusion transcripts between androgen-regulated (such TMPRSS2) ETS family transcription factors ERG1), arise PIN may promote invasiveness adenocarcinoma cells. Lethal cancers markedly corrupted genomes epigenomes. Epigenetic silencing, seems inflamed microenvironment generated carcinogens and/or estrogens part “catastrophe” affecting hundreds genes, persists drive clonal evolution through metastatic dissemination. The cause initial has not been determined but likely involves defective chromatin structure maintenance over-exuberant DNA methylation histone modification. With driving pro-carcinogenic world, it is tempting speculate components associated with decreased risk, intake fruits vegetables, especially tomatoes crucifers, might act attenuate ravages processes. Specifically, nutritional agents prevent reduce propensity suffer “catastrophic” epigenome corruption.