Assessment of trace metal contamination and exchange between water and sediment systems in the To Lich River in inner Hanoi, Vietnam
作者： Nguyen Thi Thuong , Minoru Yoneda , Yoko Shimada , Yasuto Matsui
DOI: 10.1007/S12665-014-3678-7
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摘要: The To Lich River (TLR), which receives considerable amounts of wastewater from the inner city Hanoi, is used for irrigation purposes by areas further downstream. marked increase in urbanization recent decades has meant that untreated and/or partially treated industry and households have been discharged into river, causing serious environmental problems. Trace metal concentrations surface waters different sediment layers were analyzed at nine sample sites along TLR. enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index (I geo), cluster analysis, quality guidelines to assess current status potential risks arising trace contamination. Mn concentration water exceeded standards seven sites, I geo values indicated Cd was most abundant sediments six sites. Sediments all contained levels metals maximum permissible potentially toxic crops, considered be aquatic life. Cluster analysis revealed TLR could clearly divided three groups based on degree Accumulation order Cr > Cu > Ni > Zn > Pb > As > Mn.
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