Air–Sea Feedback in the North Atlantic and Surface Boundary Conditions for Ocean Models

摘要: Extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) and turbulent heat flux monthly anomalies in the central eastern part of North Atlantic are considered for period 1952‐92 on a 5 83 58 grid. In this region where mean current is small, SST well simulated by simple one-dimensional mixed layer model that stochastically forced day-to-day changes local air‐sea fluxes. A statistical signature stochastic cross correlation between sign negative positive lags when feedback negative. This observed at each grid point domain flux, which thus contributes both to generating midlatitude damping them, once they generated. Using properties lag covariance anomalies, estimated from observations. It averages about 20 W m22 K21 investigated domain, increasing toward northwest northeast decreasing southward. also varies seasonally, being generally largest fall smaller more uniform summer. There no indication it can become significantly positive. suggested relation dominant modes variability over whole Atlantic, found spatial patterns associated remarkably similar whether atmosphere leads or lags, with only change lead situations. analysis provides some observational support use short timescales restoring condition ocean-only simulations, but coupling coefficient should be weaker than usually assumed function latitude season. The SST‐evaporation has little effect interannual salinity changes. significant longer timescales, then allowed vary nonlocal influences considered.