Thyroid hormones in male reproductive development: evidence for direct crosstalk between the androgen and thyroid hormone axes.

摘要: Thyroid hormones (THs) exert a broad range of effects on development in vertebrate species, demonstrating connections nearly every biological endocrine system. In particular, studies have shown that THs play role sexual differentiation and gonadal mammalian non-mammalian species. There is considerable evidence the reproductive are mediated through female hormonal axis; however, recent findings suggest more direct crosstalk between androgen axis. These demonstrate influence ontogeny male vertebrates, interactions with select sex-determining-genes regulation gonadotropin production hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad also regulate biosynthesis signaling indirect steroidogenic enzyme expression activity. Novel promoter analysis presented this work demonstrates potential for wide at transcriptional level mice (Mus musculus), Western clawed frogs (Silurana tropicalis) medaka (Oryzias latipes). Cumulative from previous studies; coupled novel suggests mechanisms TH axes across