Do men and women follow different trajectories to reach extreme longevity

摘要: Gender accounts for important differences in the incidence and prevalence of a variety age-related diseases. Considering people far advanced age, demographic data document clear-cut females compared to males, suggesting that sex-specific mortality rates follow different trajectories during aging. In present investigation, we report from nationwide study on Italian centenarians (a total 1162 subjects), two studies living distinct zones Italy, i.e., island Sardinia 222 subjects) Mantova province (Northern Italy) 43 subjects). The female/male ratio was about 2:1 Sardinia, 4:1 whole 7:1 province. Thus, complex interaction environmental, historical genetic factors, differently characterizing various parts likely plays an role determining gender-specific probability achieving longevity. health status are also reported, innovative score method classify long-lived categories, according clinical functional parameters, is proposed. Our indicate not only this selected group people, as whole, highly heterogeneous, but marked gender difference exists, since male less heterogeneous more healthy than female centenarians. Immunological factors regarding increase pro-inflammatory status, frequency HLA ancestral haplotypes show contribute strategies men women seem achieve Concerning impact reaching extreme limits human life-span, emerging evidence (regarding mtDNA haplogroups, Thyrosine Hydroxilase, IL-6 genes) suggests longevity dependent genetics longevity, exploited healthier life-style favorable environmental conditions, owing cultural anthropological characteristics society last 100 years.