The hidden price of repeated traumatic exposure.

摘要: Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated reduced hippocampal volume in trauma-exposed individuals without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the implications of such a deficit this non-clinical population are still unclear. Animal and human models PTSD suggest that may result impaired learning use associations between contextual information aversive events. Previous study has shown with selective impairment reversing negative outcome context-related information. The aim was to test whether non-PTSD who repeatedly exposed traumatic events display similar impairment. To end, we compared performance active-duty firefighters frequently as part their occupational routine civilian matched-controls no history trauma-exposure. We used novel cue-context reversal paradigm, which separately evaluates positive outcomes cue As predicted, found while both unexposed were able acquire retain stimulus-outcome associations, struggled learn previously context is later associated outcome. This did not correlate levels PTSD, anxiety or depressive symptoms. results highly fail associate appropriate context. reflect possible hidden price repeated exposure, necessarily diagnosis, affect way interpret react environment.