Compensation payments, procedures and policies towards human-wildlife conflict management: Insights from India

摘要: Abstract The effectiveness of compensation payments in mitigating and resolving human-wildlife conflict is globally debated. We examined procedures, types, made for incidents reported India from 2010 to 2015. Among India's 29 states, 22 (76%) compensated crop loss, 18 (62%) property damage, 26 (90%) livestock depredation, 28 (97%) human injury or death. In 2012–2013, a total 78,656 were states with complete data. Of these incidents, 73.4% loss 20% predation, 6.2% injury, 0.4% totalled $5,332,762 (ranging $0 no Tripura $1,956,115 36,091 Karnataka). average expenditures per incident $47 $74 livestock, $103 $3224 These numbers underestimate the extent because low reporting rates unavailability records all states. found lack policies some while others have payment amounts along high transaction costs. Despite significant Indian government mandate supporting India, there exist inconsistencies eligibility, application, assessment, implementation, procedures across Ensuring that reaches affected people requires standardizing processes transparent efficient manner, also monitoring its perceived benefits wildlife conservation.