Meeting the challenge of DNA barcoding Neotropical amphibians: polymerase chain reaction optimization and new COI primers.

摘要: Amphibians are one of the most threatened vertebrate classes, yet at same time new species being described every year, demonstrating that number existing is grossly underestimated. In groups such as amphibians, with high extinction rates and poorly known boundaries, DNA barcoding a tool can rapidly assess genetic diversity estimate richness for prioritizing conservation decisions. However, reliable recovery 5′ region cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene critical ongoing effort to gather barcodes all amphibian species. Here we provide PCR conditions tested primers increase efficiency barcode in amphibians. We found low extension temperature cycles significantly improves amplification combinations primers. Combining AnF1 + AnR1 were able recover COI sequences 100% analyzed (N=161), encompassing ~15% from Brazil (representing 77 genera 23 families), which an important improvement over previous studies. The preliminary assessment suggested might be underestimated by about 25%. conclude efficient, simple, standardized protocol identifying cryptic amphibians advocate its use biodiversity inventories across widespread populations within species. This article protected copyright. All rights reserved.