What causes southeast Australia's worst droughts?
作者： Caroline C Ummenhofer , Matthew H England , Peter C McIntosh , Gary A Meyers , Michael J Pook
DOI: 10.1029/2008GL036801
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摘要: Since 1995, a large region of Australia has been gripped by the most severe drought in living memory, the so-called ‘‘Big Dry’’. The ramifications for affected regions are dire, with acute water shortages rural and metropolitan areas, record agricultural losses, dryingout of two Australia’s major river systems and farreaching ecosystem damage. Yet drought’s origins have remained elusive. For Southeast Australia, we show here that Dry’’ other iconic 20th Century droughts, including Federation Drought (1895–1902) World War II (1937–1945), are driven Indian Ocean variability, not Pacific Ocean conditions as traditionally assumed. Specifically, conspicuous absence Indian Ocean temperature conducive to enhanced tropical moisture transport deprived southeastern Australia its normal rainfall quota. In case the ‘‘Big Dry’’, unprecedented intensity is also related to recent higher temperatures. Citation: Ummenhofer, C. C., M. H. England, P. McIntosh, G. A. Meyers, M. J. Pook, S. Risbey, S. Gupta, Taschetto (2009), What causes southeast worst droughts?,
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