The importance of molecular markers for diagnosis and selection of targeted treatments in patients with cancer

摘要: The past 30 years have seen the introduction of a number cancer therapies with aim restricting growth and spread primary metastatic tumours. A shared commonality among these is their targeting various aspects hallmarks, that traits are essential to successful tumour propagation dissemination. evolution molecular-scale technology has been central identification new targets, it not coincidence improved emerged at same time as gene expression arrays DNA sequencing enhanced our understanding genetics. Modern pathology now viewed molecular level ranging from IHC biomarkers, signature classifiers mutations, all which provide crucial information about patients will respond targeted therapy regimens. In this review, we briefly discuss general types used in clinical setting short background on immunohistochemical, technologies, before focusing three types: breast, lung colorectal cancers. For each types, disease along an overview current standard then focus relevant pathways they inhibit. Finally, highlight several strategies pivotal development anti-cancer drugs.