Manipulating the p53 Gene in the Mouse: Organismal Functions of a Prototype Tumor Suppressor

摘要: The early discoveries elucidating p53 function were based on cell culture experiments. Most of our fundamental knowledge the role in signaling, stress response, cycle control, and apoptosis are a result these vitro studies (Giaccia Kastan, 1998; Ko Prives, 1996; Levine, 1997; Vogelstein et al., 2000). However, greater depth understanding was facilitated by advent first transgenic mouse methodologies then embryonic stem (ES) cell-based genetic manipulations. sequencing genome (www.ensembl.org www.myscience.appliedbiosystems.com) has greatly simplified accelerated generation null alleles. Methods have been developed to generate single nucleotide substitutions germline mice, importantly, somatic mutations genes study inactivation as occurs most human cancers. availability whole analysis at RNA expression level (arrays) genomic (array CGH) provides another that is sure provide insights into molecular changes lead initiation, progression, maintenance tumor phenotype.