An overview of the HIBISCUS campaign

摘要: The EU HIBISCUS project consisted of a series field campaigns during the intense convective summers in 2001, 2003 and 2004 State Sao Paulo Brazil. Its objective was to investigate impact deep convection on Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) lower stratosphere by providing new set observational data meteorology, tracers horizontal vertical transport, water vapour, clouds, chemistry tropical Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere (UT/LS). This achieved using short duration research balloons study local phenomena associated with over land, long-duration circumnavigating globe contrast between land oceans. Analyses observations short-lived tracers, ozone ice particles show strong episodic updraughts cold air across lapse rate tropopause up 18 or 19 km (420-440 K) overshooting towers. long balloon satellite measurements reveal composition oceanic areas, suggesting significant global such events. overshoots are shown be well captured non-hydrostatic meso-scale Cloud Resolving Models indicating velocities 50-60 m s−1 at top Neutral Buoyancy Level (NBL) around 14 km, but, contrast, poorly represented Chemistry-Transport (CTM) forced Numerical Weather Forecast (NWP) underestimating process. Finally, collected have allowed thorough evaluation temperature NWP analyses reanalyses, as ozone, nitrogen oxide, vapour bromine oxide tropics.