Host-country environment and subsidiary competence: Extending the diamond network model

摘要: We extend the “centers of excellence” concept to address diversity and multidimensionality subsidiary competence. Using Rugman Verbeke's diamond network model, we hypothesize contingencies influencing links between host-country environments competence configuration, provide evidence from more than 2000 subsidiaries in seven European countries. Our results new insights into how multinational enterprises can overcome “unbalanced” national diamonds by acquiring complementary capabilities across borders.