Regulation of brain microglia by female gonadal steroids

摘要: Microglial cells are the primary mediators of CNS immune defense system and crucial for shaping inflammatory responses. They represent a highly dynamic cell population which is constantly moving surveying their environment. Acute brain damage causes local attraction activation this type involves neuron-to-glia glia-to-glia interactions. The prevailing view attributes microglia "negative" role such as debris elimination. More topical studies also suggest protective "positive" regulatory function. Estrogens progestins exert anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects in acute chronic diseases. Recent work revealed that microglial express subsets classical non-classical estrogen progesterone receptors way. In review article, we would like to stress importance spreading neural during hypoxia, susceptibility functional modulation by sex steroids, potency hormones switch from pro-inflammatory M1 M2 phenotype, regulation pro- properties including inflammasome. We will further discuss possibility action steroids an early direct This article part Special Issue entitled 'Sex disorders'.