The basal forebrain corticopetal system revisited

摘要: The medial septum, diagonal bands, ventral pallidum, substantia innominata, globus pallidus, and internal capsule contain a heterogeneous population of neurons, including cholinergic noncholinergic (mostly GABA containing), corticopetal projection interneurons. This highly complex brain region, which constitutes significant part the basal forebrain has been implicated in attention, motivation, learning, as well number neuropsychiatric disorders, such Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's schizophrenia. Part difficulty understanding functions forebrain, aberrant information-processing characteristics these disease states lies fact that organizational principles this area remained largely elusive. On basis new anatomical data, it is proposed large system be organized into longitudinal bands. Considering topographic organization cortical afferents to different divisions prefrontal cortex similar areas regions, suggested several functionally segregated cortico-prefronto-basal forebrain-cortical circuits exist. It envisaged specific "triangular" could amplify selective attentional processing posterior sensory areas.