Current Role of Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology

摘要: This paper reviews multi-analyte single-stage and tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) procedures using different mass analyzers (quadrupole, ion trap, time-of-flight) for screening, identification, and/or quantification of drugs, poisons, their metabolites in blood, plasma, serum, or urine published after 2004. Basic information about the biosample assayed, work-up, LC column, mobile phase, ionization type, spectral detection mode, validation data each procedure is summarized tables. The following analytes are covered: drugs abuse, analgesics, opioids, sedative-hypnotics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants including selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), herbal phenalkylamines (ephedrines), oral antidiabetics, antiarrhythmics other cardiovascular antiretroviral toxic alkaloids, quaternary ammonium herbicides, dialkylphosphate pesticides. pros cons reviewed critically discussed, particularly, need studies on matrix effects, selectivity, analyte stability, use stable-isotope labeled internal standards instead unlabeled therapeutic drugs. In conclusion, LC-MS will probably become a gold standard very low concentrations particularly alternative matrices clinical forensic toxicology. However, some drawbacks still to be addressed finally overcome.