Graphene-Based Chemical and Biosensors

摘要: Graphene is a novel and promising material for chemical biosensing due to its extraordinary structural, electronic, physiochemical properties. Recently, large number of graphene-based biosensors with different structures fabrication methods have been reported. In this chapter, graphene’s synthesis methods, properties, applications in are extensively surveyed. Graphene-based may similarly be classified into three main groups including chemoresistive, electrochemical, other sensing platforms. Chemoresistive sensors widely developed ultrasensitive gas-phase single molecule detection capability. electrochemical shown excellent performances toward various non-bio bio-analytes compared most carbon-based electrodes very high electron transfer rate highly dense edge-plane-like defective active sites, direct oxidation small biomolecules electrochemistry enzyme while graphene FET chemoresistive detections DNA, protein/DNA mixture, antibody-specific reported sensitivity specificity. addition, the performance considerably depends on method surface functionalized oxides prepared by chemical, thermal, particularly reductions demonstrated both However, large-scale economical production still not generally attainable suffer from poor reproducibility difficulty controlling sensor structures. Therefore, well-controlled processing must further developed. Furthermore, effective doping should applied enhance behaviors. Lastly, biological interaction related charge transport mechanisms well understood studied.