Tree rubbing by Yellowstone grizzly bears Ursus arctos

摘要: Tree rubbing or marking by bears has been observed throughout the northern hemisphere. Even so, this behaviour rarely studied. We documented 93 sites where grizzly Ursus arctos horribilis rubbed on 116 trees during 1986–1992, in Yellowstone Ecosystem. used logistic regression and information-based estimation selection criteria to specify models that explained of individual for our study area. The probability peaked May June, period mating moult, declined thereafter. At landscape level, selected gentle south-facing slopes, forest/non-forest ecotones with sparse deadfall, forest stands dominated lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii. Among at rubbed, we found strong large diameters but no indication species. Rubbed were highly associated travel routes likely bears, i...