Europium-doped ZnO as a visible light responsive nanocatalyst: Sonochemical synthesis, characterization and response surface modeling of photocatalytic process

摘要: Abstract Pure and Eu-doped ZnO nanostructures with different amounts of Eu were synthesized using a simple sonochemical method. The as-synthesized samples characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy photoelectron spectroscopy. photocatalytic activity as-prepared was investigated based on the decolorization Acid Red 17 (AR17) under visible light irradiation. efficiency found to be 25.2%, 55.6%, 63.1% 30.3% for undoped, 1% Eu-ZnO, 3% Eu-ZnO 5% respectively. Using nanoparticles, reached 100% adding 0.1 mM S 2 O 8 2− . Response surface methodology five-level central composite design applied model optimize AR17 over ZnO/S Accordingly, value correlation coefficients ( R  = 0.970 adjusted-  = 0.935) obtained from analysis variance confirmed adequacy fitted model. maximum 99% achieved at an initial dye concentration 5 mg/L, catalyst dosage 1.25 g/L, 0.25 mM reaction time 150 min. decreased only 7% after 4 repeated runs.