Vibrio ecology, pathogenesis, and evolution.

摘要: This Research Topic brings together 24 articles that highlight the most recent research findings concerning biology of genus Vibrio and covers pathogenicity host interaction, genome plasticity evolution, dynamics factors influencing ecology vibrios. Vibrio comprises one diverse marine bacterial genera (Gomez-Gil et al., 2014), its diversity is emphasized in two opening this set papers. Sawabe al. (2013) present a molecular phylogeny 86 species based on sequencing provides insight into biodiversity evolutionary history. In study more than 300 sequences, Lukjancenko Ussery (2014) conclude pan-genome 17,000 gene families, differentially and/or expressed any given species. A remarkable feature all an highly plastic genome, examined five The chromosomes are shaped by horizontal transfer involving, among others, antibiotic resistance, virulence, niche adaptation (Rowe-Magnus 2001; Kirkup 2010). V. vulnificus biotype 3 notable example. Efimov suggest evolved from 1 acquisition unique genes other species, such as Shewanella, sharing same ecological niche. Carraro employ functional characterization pVCR94, to identify role IncA/C plasmids resistance Rwandan cholerae isolate. A retrospective analysis epidemic Angola reported Valia (2013), showing unexpected genomic variability variants, highlighting islands, phages, integrative conjugative elements genetic single epidemic. Rivas describe Photobacterium damselae subsp. virulence plasmid pPHDD1 encodes pore-forming toxins hemolysins which play key for both fish humans. review Rapa Labbate describes integrons cassettes comprise approximately 1–3% entire very likely involved evolution. Nine manuscripts analyze pathogenicity, disease development, specificity, human animal hosts. Tan deciphered biosynthetic network siderophore vulnibactin, essential iron uptake proteins, importance has been clinically demonstrated. Inhibition/resistance mechanisms developed salmonicida, causative agent hemorrhagic septicemia Atlantic salmon, described Bjelland who show it overcomes salmon innate immune system point where infection overwhelms host. extracellular proteolytic enzymes secreted pathogenic focus Miyoshi (2013). engagement type VI secretion systems suggested means intra- inter-species predation nutrient acquisition, inducing rapid multiplication (Pukatzki Provenzano, 2013). bioluminescent bacterium campbellii used Wang pyomelanin-pigmented phenotype, known provide with greater UV oxidative stress enhanced intestine colonization. relationship between motility contribution flagella adhesion biofilm formation discussed Zhu largely unexplored fluvialis pathogenesis, survival fitness reviewed Ramamurthy (2014). Twenty new associated molluscans their potential molluscs elucidated Romalde exquisite bacteria–host interaction fisheri squid host, Euprymna scolopes, detail, pathways formation, motility, chemotaxis (Norsworthy Visick, 2013). The capacity persist aquatic environment, association abiotic biotic factors, well environmental surveillance public health (Lipp 2002; Grimes 2009; Johnson, 2013) section opens Lutz elucidating complex enabling withstand starvation, temperature fluctuation, salinity variation, predation. Haley report water increase can be correlated rise population parahaemolyticus, some carry pandemic markers, plankton along Georgian coast Black Sea. parahaemolyticus populations oyster, sediment, surface related hurricane event Chesapeake Bay concluded influenced wave energy sediment resuspension (Shaw 2014). Canesi serum Mytilus galloprovincialis promotes phagocytosis killing hemocytes O1 non-O1/non-O139 edible bivalves. Chakraborty evaluate sensitive specific dipstick test detect toxigenic water, validating simple, inexpensive method use areas at risk cholera. Three addressing complete Topic. Mansergh Zehr natural shift Monterey affected larger oceanographic conditions (flow velocities wind patterns), rather individual factors. Meta-analysis variables plants, algae, zooplankton, animals Takemura As final distribution, Constantin De Magny propose temporal shifts, zooplankton community variability, occurrence environment cholera dynamics. These analyzed metagenomics, permit understanding structure, function, competition. In summary, collection provided offers comprehensive exploration biology, community, special issue shows significant progress achieved should stimulate discussion offer challenge researchers microbial evolution.