The purinergic system in allotransplantation.

摘要: The purine nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a universal source of energy for any intracellular reaction. Under specific physiological or pathological conditions, ATP can be released into extracellular spaces, where it binds and activates the purinergic receptors system (i.e. P2X, P2Y P1 receptors). Extracellular (eATP) to P2X in immune cells, mediates proliferation, chemotaxis, cytokine release, antigen presentation cytotoxicity. eATP then hydrolyzed by ectonucleotidases diphosphate (ADP), which receptors. Ectonucleotidases also hydrolyze ADP monophosphate adenosine, In contrast receptors, exert mainly an inhibitory effect on response. transplantation, prominent role has been demonstrated eATP/P2X7R axis; targeting this pathway fact associated with long-term graft function reduced versus host disease severity murine models. Novel receptor inhibitors are available clinical use under assessment as immunomodulatory agents. review, we will focus relevance potential benefits allograft rejection tolerance.