Nanoemulsion mucosal adjuvant uniquely activates cytokine production by nasal ciliated epithelium and induces dendritic cell trafficking

摘要: While the nasal mucosa is a potentially useful site for human immunization, toxin-based adjuvants are generally unsafe and less effective in humans. Safe mucosal that activate protective immunity via administration highly dependent on barrier antigen sampling by epithelial DCs. Here, we demonstrate protein antigens formulated unique oil-in-water nanoemulsions (NEs) result distinctive transcellular uptake ciliated cells, leading to delivery into associated lymphoid tissue. NE formulation also enhances MHC class II expression cells DC activation/trafficking regional tissues mice. These materials appear induce local cell apoptosis heterogeneous cytokine production mixed tissues, including G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12, IP-10, KC, MIP-1a, TGF-β, TSLP. This first observation of adjuvant activates calreticulin-associated generate broad cytokine/chemokine responses