Market Penetration of Alternative Fuel Vehicles in Iceland: A Hybrid Modeling Approach

摘要: In this paper, an integrated agent-based (AB) and system dynamics (SD) model is developed to study the market share evolution of light duty vehicles in Iceland. The takes into account conventional internal combustion engine that are currently dominant alternative fuel including various types electric vehicles, bio-fuels cell vehicles. SD approach used simulate development continuous, homogenous aggregate variables energy supply over time. AB employed consumer behavior passenger Different compete for penetration through a vehicle choice algorithm accounts social influences consumers’ attractiveness attributes. linking between components identified then these two bottom-up top-down approaches provide comprehensive framework. main results provided by application modeling case Iceland demands during period 2013–2050.