Intergroup Aggression in Primates and Humans: The Case for a Unified Theory

摘要: Human warfare and intergroup aggression among primates have traditionally been considered to be largely unrelated phenomena. Recently, however, chimpanzee violence has proposed show evolutionary continuities with war small-scale societies because both systems involve interactions temporary subgroups, deliberate attempts hunt maim, demographically significant death rates. Here, we ask whether the functional similarities between humans chimpanzees can extended troop-living primates. In most primates, patterns of brief encounters stable troops, rare violence, almost no killing. Although they, therefore, little behavioral resemblance warfare, growing evidence indicates that dominance is adaptively important in it predicts long-term fitness. This suggests all including humans, individuals use coalitions maintain or expand access resources by dominating their neighbors. Thus, while style coalitionary depends on each species’ ecology, propose essential reasons for competition are consistent across group-living humans: strength numbers resources.