Akt-dependent and -independent mechanisms of mTOR regulation in cancer.

摘要: The protein kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) is a critical regulator cellular metabolism, growth, and proliferation. These processes contribute to tumor formation, many cancers are characterized by aberrant activation mTOR. Although activating mutations in itself have not been identified, deregulation upstream components that regulate prevalent cancer. prototypic mechanism regulation cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway, but receives input from multiple signaling pathways. This review will discuss Akt-dependent -independent mechanisms response mitogenic signals, as well its energy nutrient-sensing Preclinical clinical studies demonstrated tumors bearing genetic alterations activate sensitive pharmacologic inhibition Elucidation novel pathways may help identify predictive factors for sensitivity inhibitors, could provide new therapeutic targets inhibiting pathway also highlight approaches inhibit via AMP-activated (AMPK), an important inhibitor emerging