Anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites – detection, potential clinical relevance and implications for control

摘要: During the past two decades anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites has been found group of small strongyle species (cyathostomins) and ascarid Parascaris equorum. The ubiquitous nature possible severe consequences disease with these nematodes make them prime targets current worm control programmes. Traditional strategies mainly rely on strategic application anthelmintics, currently represented by three major drug classes: benzimidazoles (BZ), tetrahydropyrimidine pyrantel (PYR) macrocyclic lactones (ML). Following routine frequent applications, many cyathostomin populations horse farms industrialised countries must be considered as resistant to BZ anthelmintics. However, date no published cases specifically associated were reported. Possibly this is due generally subclinical unspecific symptoms infections. Nevertheless, exclusive reliance ML class may increase threat clinical drug-resistant cyathostomins. More recently, P. equorum reported having developed against ivermectin moxidectin, representatives ML-class. These anthelmintics are most frequently used horses. This nematode foals younger horses development immunity following exposure infection. Infection can result clinically drastic such obstruction and/or penetration intestine, latter usually leading death. In conclusion, efficacy treatments should examined routinely for each class. Several factors influence rate at which develops; high frequency treatment being one important. Modern therefore attempt significantly reduce treatments. pasture farm management practices negatively prevalence will discussed review presented here.