Contextual Effects on Crowding Perception: An Analysis of Antwerp and Amsterdam

摘要: Crowding studies have a long history in urban geography and environmental psychology, although results are mixed at best. While crowding is found to influence residential quality visitor experience perception models show some agreement on influential determinants, research typically limited single setting, therefore minimising generalisability. To account for contextual effects, this paper tested model two study areas: Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Antwerp, Belgium. The confirm that while most variables from earlier significant, their effect depends largely context, with elements such as street layout, primary functionality of area, local culture affecting strength direction relationship. reveals importance case based approach perception, demonstrating overall applicability methodology possibilities comparative analyses suggest policy recommendations specific areas.