摘要: Cardiac troponins I and T have been the cornerstone of diagnostics acute coronary syndrome for almost 20 years. Natriuretic peptides established themselves in heart failure during last decade. These additional promising biomarkers, such as ST-2, galectin-3, GDF-15, copeptin, midregional proadrenomedullin, markers glomerular filtration rate kidney injury, are reviewed groups corresponding to pathophysiological processes they probe--cardiomyocyte myocyte stress, inflammation, oxidative plaque instability, extracellular-matrix remodeling, or those grouped neurohormone category. Biomarkers linking renal cardiac functions microRNAs metabolomic addressed well.
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