Alcohol Reform in Viet Nam

摘要: Alcohol consumption has been identified as an important risk for chronic disease and injury, with estimated 3.8% of all global deaths 4.6% disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to alcohol.[1] A recent burden study conducted in Viet Nam suggests that alcohol was a contributing factor 5% the total leading cause disability among males.[2] is also key contributor road traffic injuries, which ranked second terms Nam's disease. male accident victims due injuries indicated 60.4% patients admitted emergency department at central hospital had blood concentration level over legal limit.[3]With liberalization economic growth Nam, prevalence risen markedly. Results from latest National Health Survey suggest 46% males 2% females aged 15 years older consumed least once week.[4] Over period 2005-2010, increased 92% 1229 million litres (14.1 per capita) 2363 (27.5 capita).[5] In 2010, value market dong (VND) 88.5 trillion (equivalent $US2.7 billion or $US31.67 capita).[5-7] The 111% 2005-2010 and, by 2015, industry forecasts VND122 trillion.[5,7] capita terms, this represents 60% increase $US50.64. Gross domestic product (GDP rose 86% same $US647 $US1204.[5,8] cost relative GDP provides indication affordability 14% (in terms) 4.9% 2005 4.2% 2010.Viet experienced two decades strong development exposure Vietnamese people drinking cultures around world together higher incomes rising living standards, many more can now afford socialize friends engage business drinks. Research rural adolescents access money clear determinant behaviour, employed likely drink than students.[9] identity continues be expressed though social interaction bia hoi (beer hall), cafe karaoke bar their friends.[10] growing number young consumers see part highly desirable life, alcoholic drinks restaurant becoming increasingly popular.[5] With increasing international influences through globalized media, greater travel communication, patterns locations are evolving particularly Vietnamese, have become Westernized.Another driver supply demand low controls imposed government. Although government introduced strategies, lack enforcement renders them ineffective. For example, legislation passed 2008 prohibit under 18 old buying consuming alcohol; however, limited allows easy response drink-driving problem, zero tolerance restrictions on car drivers, but concession most populous form transportation, 50 mg 100 mL motorbike drivers. financial punishment place violations, equipment test breath render laws 480 patrons restaurants showed half drove after three week, quarters men limit when exiting restaurant. …